Apache&Nginx에 Varnish Cache 설치 및 설정

 dnf -y install varnish collectd-varnish varnish-modules

마지막 메타자료 만료확인(1:28:53 이전): 2025년 08월 09일 (토) 오후 09시 55분 14초.
종속성이 해결되었습니다.
==========================================================================================================
 꾸러미                                               구조                                       버전                                                   저장소                                         크기
==========================================================================================================
설치 중:
 collectd-varnish                                     x86_64                                     5.12.0-24.el9                                          epel                                           23 k
 varnish                                              x86_64                                     6.6.2-6.el9_6.1                                        appstream                                     1.0 M
 varnish-modules                                      x86_64                                     0.18.0-1.el9                                           appstream                                      81 k
종속 꾸러미 설치 중:
 collectd                                             x86_64                                     5.12.0-24.el9                                          epel                                          690 k
 yajl                                                 x86_64                                     2.1.0-25.el9                                           appstream                                      37 k

연결 요약
==========================================================================================================
설치  5 꾸러미

전체 내려받기 크기: 1.8 M
설치된 크기 : 5.5 M
꾸러미 내려받기 중:
......(생략)
설치되었습니다:
  collectd-5.12.0-24.el9.x86_64         collectd-varnish-5.12.0-24.el9.x86_64         varnish-6.6.2-6.el9_6.1.x86_64         varnish-modules-0.18.0-1.el9.x86_64         yajl-2.1.0-25.el9.x86_64 

vi /etc/varnish/default.vcl

# Default backend definition. Set this to point to your content server.
backend default {
    .host = "127.0.0.1";
    .port = "8080";
}
sub vcl_recv {
    # Happens before we check if we have this in cache already.
    #
    # Typically you clean up the request here, removing cookies you don't need,
    # rewriting the request, etc.
}

sub vcl_backend_response {
    # Happens after we have read the response headers from the backend.
    #
    # Here you clean the response headers, removing silly Set-Cookie headers
    # and other mistakes your backend does.
}

sub vcl_deliver {
    # Happens when we have all the pieces we need, and are about to send the
    # response to the client.
    #
    # You can do accounting or modifying the final object here.
}

[Unit]
Description=Varnish Cache, a high-performance HTTP accelerator
After=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=forking
KillMode=process

# Maximum number of open files (for ulimit -n)
LimitNOFILE=131072

# Locked shared memory - should suffice to lock the shared memory log
# (varnishd -l argument)
# Default log size is 80MB vsl + 1M vsm + header -> 82MB
# unit is bytes
LimitMEMLOCK=85983232

# Enable this to avoid "fork failed" on reload.
TasksMax=infinity

# Maximum size of the corefile.
LimitCORE=infinity

ExecStart=/usr/sbin/varnishd -a :6081 -f /etc/varnish/default.vcl -s malloc,256m
ExecReload=/usr/sbin/varnishreload

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

   location / {
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:6081;

systemctl enable varnish
systemctl start varnish

nginx -s reload
apachectl graceful

vcl 4.1;

# --- 백엔드 서버 정의 ---
backend default {
    .host = "127.0.0.1";
    .port = "8080";
}

# 클라이언트 요청이 들어올 때 실행되는 서브루틴
sub vcl_recv {
    # 1. 로그인, 관리자 페이지 관련 요청은 캐시하지 않고 백엔드로 바로 전달
    if (req.url ~ "(?i)/ukc_login" || req.url ~ "(?i)/wp-admin" || req.url ~ "(?i)/wp-login.php" || req.url ~ "(?i)/ghost-admin") {
        return(pass);
    }

    # 2. POST 요청도 캐시하지 않고 백엔드로 바로 전달
    if (req.method == "POST") {
        return(pass);
    }
}

# 백엔드 서버로부터 응답을 받은 후 실행되는 서브루틴
sub vcl_backend_response {
    # Set-Cookie 헤더가 있는 응답은 캐시하지 않고 전달
    if (beresp.http.Set-Cookie) {
        return(deliver);
    }

    # HTML 콘텐츠는 3시간 캐시
    if (beresp.http.Content-Type ~ "text/html") {
        set beresp.ttl = 3h;
        return(deliver);
    }

    # 정적 파일(css, js, 이미지)은 1일 캐시
    if (beresp.http.Content-Type ~ "(text/css|application/javascript|application/x-javascript|image/|font/)") {
        set beresp.ttl = 24h;
        return(deliver);
    }
}

# 클라이언트에게 응답을 전달하기 전에 실행되는 서브루틴
# 정적 콘텐츠 캐싱만 캐싱, 동적 페이지는 로그인 및 로그인 후에도 수정이 안됨
sub vcl_deliver {
    if (obj.hits > 0) {
        set resp.http.X-Cache = "HIT";
    } else {
        set resp.http.X-Cache = "MISS";
    }
}

cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/varnish.service /etc/systemd/system/varnish.service

cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/varnish.service /etc/systemd/system/varnish.service
vi /etc/systemd/system/varnish.service
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/varnishd -a :6081 -f /etc/varnish/default.vcl -s malloc,4G

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart varnish

# 캐시의 상태를 보여줌
varnishstat
# 캐시 상태를 1번 출력
varnishstat -1 
varnishstat -1 | grep SMA

varnishstat -1 | grep MAIN.cache

MAIN.cache_hit                       173         0.06 Cache hits
MAIN.cache_hit_grace                   0         0.00 Cache grace hits
MAIN.cache_hitpass                     0         0.00 Cache hits for pass.
MAIN.cache_hitmiss                     0         0.00 Cache hits for miss.
MAIN.cache_miss                      210         0.08 Cache misses

varnishstat -1 | grep s0

MEMPOOL.sess0.live                            0          .   In use
MEMPOOL.sess0.pool                           10          .   In Pool
MEMPOOL.sess0.sz_wanted                     768          .   Size requested
MEMPOOL.sess0.sz_actual                     736          .   Size allocated
MEMPOOL.sess0.allocs                        352         0.12 Allocations
MEMPOOL.sess0.frees                         352         0.12 Frees
MEMPOOL.sess0.recycle                       352         0.12 Recycled from pool
MEMPOOL.sess0.timeout                        62         0.02 Timed out from pool
MEMPOOL.sess0.toosmall                        0         0.00 Too small to recycle
MEMPOOL.sess0.surplus                         0         0.00 Too many for pool
MEMPOOL.sess0.randry                          0         0.00 Pool ran dry

SMA.s0.c_req                                870         0.30 Allocator requests
SMA.s0.c_fail                                 0         0.00 Allocator failures
SMA.s0.c_bytes                         10277220      3548.76 Bytes allocated
SMA.s0.c_freed                          1130496       390.36 Bytes freed
SMA.s0.g_alloc                              801          .   Allocations outstanding
SMA.s0.g_bytes                          9146724          .   Bytes outstanding
SMA.s0.g_space                       4285820572          .   Bytes available