WordPress Plugin Update: Bulk Update, zip Replacement, and WP-CLI

Test environment RHEL familyWordPress 7.1.3PHP 8.3

A WordPress plugin update replaces a plugin that shows a new version on the Installed Plugins screen with the latest release. On WordPress 7.1.3, timing how long the visitor side switches to the maintenance screen for each update method showed that updating five plugins at once from the Dashboard Updates screen meant about 10 seconds of 503, while the bulk action on the Installed Plugins screen finished in 1–2 seconds.

1️⃣ Check for WordPress plugin updates

  • ↪️ The new-version row and details on the Installed Plugins screen

The first sign that a plugin has a new version is the number next to [Plugins] in the left menu. The number is how many plugins have a new version, and on the site checked here it showed 7.

Installed Plugins screen: left menu Plugins › Installed Plugins with update count 7, the Update Available (7) view, and the View details and Update Now links in each plugin's new-version row (WordPress 7.1.3)

Open [Plugins › Installed Plugins] and a yellow bar such as [There is a new version of Maintenance available. View version 4.32 details or update now.] appears under that plugin's row. When you have many plugins, click [Update Available (7)] above the list to show only the plugins that have a new version.

Installed Plugins screen, Update Available view: left menu Plugins › Installed Plugins, a list of only the seven plugins that have a new version (WordPress 7.1.3)

[View version 4.32 details] in the new-version row opens the same window as [View details] next to the description. The difference is that the window opens straight on the [Changelog] tab.

Clicking it on the Maintenance row showed the date and the changes for each version on the left side of the window. The right side showed the version, author, last update, compatible WordPress version, required PHP version, and number of active installations. Click [Update Now] at the bottom of the window to update right there.

Plugin details window: Maintenance Changelog tab, with version, author, compatible version, and active installations on the right and the Update Now button at the bottom (WordPress 7.1.3)

2️⃣ Update plugins one by one

  • ↪️ Update Now and a maintenance screen of about 2 seconds

Once you have read the changelog, update plugins one at a time with [Update Now] in the new-version row. The row changes to [Updating...], and a few seconds later to [Updated!], and the number in the left menu drops by one.

Installed Plugins screen: the Updating message on the Maintenance row after clicking Update Now, left menu Plugins › Installed Plugins (WordPress 7.1.3)

While an inactive plugin was updating, the visitor side stayed the same. While the active WordPress Importer was updating, a [.maintenance] file appeared in the site root, and for those 2 seconds or so visitors got the maintenance screen with a 503 response code.

Installed Plugins screen: the Updated! message on the finished WordPress Importer row and the Plugins count 5 in the left menu (WordPress 7.1.3)

After Maintenance and then WordPress Importer were updated, the number in the left menu dropped from 7 to 5. A finished row also shows the new version number.

3️⃣ Bulk update plugins

  • ↪️ The Installed Plugins screen versus the Dashboard Updates screen

To update several plugins at once, select them with the checkboxes, choose [Update] under [Bulk actions], and click [Apply]. With five selected, the rows went through [Updating...] one by one from the top, and when all were done a [5 plugins successfully updated.] notice appeared at the top of the screen.

Installed Plugins screen bulk action: five checked plugins with Update chosen in Bulk actions, the Updating message on the Limit Login Attempts Reloaded row, left menu Plugins › Installed Plugins (WordPress 7.1.3)
Installed Plugins screen: the 5 plugins successfully updated notice, the Update Available (2) view, and the Plugins count 2 in the left menu (WordPress 7.1.3)

The bulk action on this screen updates plugins one at a time in order, so the maintenance screen appears only briefly on an active plugin's turn. On a site where only one of the five plugins was active, the 503 response ended in 1–2 seconds, and it was the same with three selected.

If you update the same plugins under [Dashboard › Updates] on the WordPress Updates screen using the [Update Plugins] button, the result is different. If even one of the selected plugins is active, this screen keeps the maintenance screen up until the whole batch is finished. Five plugins meant about 10 seconds of 503, and three meant about 6 seconds. At busy times, the bulk action on the Installed Plugins screen keeps the maintenance window shorter.

Plugin update progress screen: left menu Dashboard › Updates, Updating Plugin (1/5) through (5/5), and All updates have been completed (WordPress 7.1.3)
Update methodSelectedMaintenance screen (503)
Update Now, inactive plugin1None
Update Now, active plugin1About 2 seconds
Installed Plugins screen bulk action5 · 31–2 seconds (only on an active plugin's turn)
Dashboard › Updates, Update Plugins5About 10 seconds
Dashboard › Updates, Update Plugins3About 6 seconds
zip upload replacement, inactive plugin1None
WP-CLI update, inactive plugin1None
WordPress Plugin Update Simulator
wp-adminSimulator
Read the changelog with [View details] in a new-version row and click [Update Now], or tick the checkboxes and click Bulk actions [Update] → [Apply].
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Hide My WP |

An excellent security plugin to hide your WordPress installation packed with some of the coolest and most unique features in the community.

버전 6.2.11 | 작성자 wpWave | 플러그인 사이트 방문

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Put your site in maintenance mode, away from the public view. Use maintenance plugin if your website is in development or you need to change a few things, run an upgrade. Make it only accessible to logged in users.

버전 4.31 | 작성자 WebFactory Ltd | 플러그인 사이트 방문

Maintenance의 새 버전을 사용할 수 있습니다. 버전 4.32의 세부 사항 보기 또는 하세요.
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4️⃣ Update with a zip file

  • ↪️ The replacement screen and rolling back to an older version

For a plugin that shows no new-version row, upload a zip file to replace it. On the Add Plugin screen, click [Upload Plugin], choose the new version's zip, and click [Install Now]. A notice says the same plugin is already installed, and a table compares the current version with the uploaded version side by side.

Upload Plugin screen: the This plugin is already installed notice, a version comparison table of the current and uploaded plugin, the Replace current with uploaded button, left menu Plugins › Add Plugin (WordPress 7.1.3)

Click [Replace current with uploaded] under the table to remove the current plugin and install the uploaded version. When it finishes, [Plugin updated successfully.] appears, and you can turn it on right away with [Activate Plugin] below. While the inactive Maintenance went from 4.31 to 4.32 this way, the visitor side stayed the same with no 503.

Plugin upload result screen: Installing plugin from uploaded file, Removing the current plugin, Plugin updated successfully (WordPress 7.1.3)

The same screen also works for rolling back. Uploading the 4.31 zip while 4.32 was installed turned the uploaded version red and added a notice to back up first because you are uploading an older version. Replacing it anyway returned it to 4.31 with the message [Plugin downgraded successfully.].

Upload Plugin screen: the red version number and older-version notice after uploading an old zip, the Replace current with uploaded button, left menu Plugins › Add Plugin (WordPress 7.1.3)

If an update breaks the site, this is how to go straight back to the previous version. To get an old zip, open [Advanced View] on the plugin's WordPress.org page, pick a version under [Previous Versions] at the bottom, and click [Download] to save it to your computer.

5️⃣ Update with WP-CLI

  • ↪️ The wp plugin update command and installing an older version

If you can reach the server over SSH, use WP-CLI to finish the job with a single command. Shared hosting that only offers a file manager can't run it, so use the screen methods above.

To list only the plugins that have a new version, add [--update=available].

wp plugin list --update=available --fields=name,status,version,update_version
name                     status    version  update_version
all-in-one-wp-migration  inactive  7.112    7.113
essential-blocks         active    6.5.1    6.5.2
maintenance              inactive  4.31     4.32

To update, run the command with the plugin name. It prints one line per step, from the download to removing the old version, and ends with a table showing how the version changed.

wp plugin update maintenance
Downloading update from https://downloads.wordpress.org/plugin/maintenance.4.32.zip...
Unpacking the update...
Installing the latest version...
Removing the old version of the plugin...
Plugin updated successfully.
Success: Updated 1 of 1 plugins.
name         old_version  new_version  status
maintenance  4.31         4.32         Updated

To roll back to an older version, add [--version] and [--force] to install. Even if a plugin with the same name is already there, it is removed and that version is installed.

wp plugin install maintenance --version=4.31 --force
Installing Maintenance (4.31)
Downloading installation package from https://downloads.wordpress.org/plugin/maintenance.4.31.zip...
Unpacking the package...
Installing the plugin...
Removing the old version of the plugin...
Plugin updated successfully.
Success: Installed 1 of 1 plugins.

While the inactive Maintenance went up and down with WP-CLI, the visitor side also stayed the same with no 503.

🔢 FAQ & Recommended Content

From WordPress 6.3, an update first moves the plugin folder to [wp-content/upgrade-temp-backup], and if installing the new files fails, that copy is put back in place. If the update succeeds, the copy is deleted, and anything left over is cleaned up by the weekly [wp_delete_temp_updater_backups] scheduled task.

An update only replaces the files in the plugin folder, and the settings stay in the database. Comparing the options list before and after taking five plugins down to old versions and back up again showed no changed entries.

Running [wp plugin update --all] updates every plugin that has a new version, and [--exclude=name] sets plugins to skip. Add [--dry-run] to print only the list that would be updated without changing anything.

Click [Enable auto-updates] in the [Automatic Updates] column of the Installed Plugins screen, and WordPress updates that plugin by itself when a new version comes out. WordPress runs automatic updates twice a day. If an enabled plugin has a new version, the time left until the next automatic update appears under the link.

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